A flow of 10 to 14 million bpd from the Middle East is necessary to stabilize markets and avoid further inventory depletion, according to Vitol CEO Russell Hardy. He estimates that 14 million bpd—comprised of 12 million bpd of crude and 2 million bpd of refined products—has left the region over the past 10 days, often without AIS tracking. Hardy noted the crisis has evolved from a crude shortage into a combined refining and shipping crisis, adding that current $100 prices assume these flows continue.
