Sustaining market stability and preventing Brent crude from reaching $200 a barrel requires 10 to 14 million bpd to flow from the Middle East. Hardy estimates approximately 14 million bpd, comprising 12 million bpd of crude and 2 million bpd of refined products, left the region daily over the last 7 to 10 days. This operational environment has evolved into a shipping crisis where a large portion of transit occurs without AIS tracking, leaving the system vulnerable to any disruption.
