The renewed hostilities began in late September as an alliance of the TPLF, Amhara Fano, and Oromo resistance groups launched a wide-scale offensive against the state. The fighting has destabilized the Horn of Africa, causing Ethiopia to sever diplomatic ties with Eritrea and expel its diplomats over claims that Asmara, Sudan, and Egypt are supporting the rebels. The African Union has called for maximum restraint as the crisis nullifies the 2022 Pretoria peace pact, which had ended a previous war that killed roughly 600,000 people.
