The curbs represent a shift from earlier attempts to secure voluntary restrictions, which China rejected in early October. The current agreement is measured against future projections, meaning absolute import volumes could still rise from the 500,000 cars shipped in 2025. The deal also includes improved EU market access and easier licensing for rare earth exports. Trade chief Maros Sefcovic and Chinese officials will reconvene in January to continue talks on price undertakings and an anti-subsidy investigation into electric vehicles.
