The withdrawal concludes a combat presence that began with the 2003 invasion and spanned 23 years, resulting in approximately 4,500 American deaths and a cost of more than $1.7 trillion. The exit follows a 2024 agreement between Washington and Baghdad to end the anti-ISIS coalition mission. While Iran-backed militias have called the departure a historic victory, Iraqi security officials have warned that a power vacuum could enable the Islamic State to regroup.
