Rising bond yields and inflation driven by the war in the Middle East have increased borrowing costs and reduced the purchasing power of government agencies. IFS Director Helen Miller stated that a steady-as-she-goes budget is not a viable option, as debt interest now consumes £1 of every £13 of total expenditure. The institute also noted that fiscal headroom for 2029-30 has likely dropped to £20 billion, down from the £24 billion forecast in March.
