The agreement reverses a period of tension in which Beijing rejected EU requests for voluntary export curbs, prompting Brussels to prepare safeguard measures and unilateral import caps. Monthly EU imports of Chinese hybrids surged from 3,800 in October 2024 to 50,000 in July 2026, and Chinese manufacturers currently hold 25% of Europe’s hybrid sales. The European Commission intended to use the hybrid sector as a test case for limiting other industrial imports where trade imbalances persist.
