Denial Holds

The most likely path is that the U.S. denial is broadly accurate: no 600-troop deployment occurs, and Washington keeps cooperation with Panama below the threshold of a visible military buildup. The Pentagon and U.S. Southern Command continue intelligence sharing, maritime interdiction support, and liaison activity with Panamanian security forces.

Each figure is the modeled move of the S&P 500 if the outcome occurs. For information only. Not investment advice.